Rasterop (A.Ok.a. Bitblt) > 자유게시판

Affine transforms are the set of linear geometrical transforms on a two-dimensional picture that encompass translation, shear, rotation and scaling. Apart from scaling, all of those operations will be applied utilizing rasterop! Translation is apparent: you select entire image as the supply block, and place it, appropriately translated, within the destination. Shear is carried out by translating blocks of image by different quantities. For instance, you can imagine a horizontal "clockwise" shear about the center of the image the place horizontal full width blocks are shoved to the appropriate above the center and to the left below the middle. Blocks near the top and backside are pushed farther than blocks near the center; the gap a block moves horizontally will increase linearly with the vertical distance of the block from the center of the picture. Rotation is accomplished by three successive shears, alternating in horizontal and vertical directions; the details are given in the source code. For small angles, a two-shear approximation to a rotation can be used.

Th ensuing rotation angle is correct, but the size-to-width ratio is altered by a fraction equal to the square of the angle. It should be famous that all these operations might be accomplished in-place, by which we mean that the src and dest are the same picture. In such situations when there may be translation, care have to be taken to clear these components of the image that aren't translated. Binary morphology is most easily carried out by full-image rasterop. A dilation takes a (bit) union of various interprets of the src picture, whereas an erosion takes a (bit) intersection of translates. Dilation and erosion are dual operations, in that a dilation on the foreground is equal to an erosion of the background, and v.v. However, we typically visualize binary pictures non-symmetrically, with emphasis on the foreground (ON) pixels. Viewed this manner, dilation has the effect of smearing out the foreground, whereas erosion thins the foreground and acts as a pattern matching operation for foreground patterns.

The sample that specifies the translations for a dilation or erosion is known as a structuring factor. If we view a morphological operation from the vantage level of each dest pixel, we see that the outcome (ON or OFF) depends upon a set of pixels in the src image whose positions relative to the dest pixel are given by the structuring factor. The morphological opening and closing operations are derived from dilation and outdoor branch trimmer erosion: the opening is a sequence of erosion and dilation, using the same structuring factor; the closing is a dilation/erosion sequence. Opening and shutting have the particularly nice property of idempotence, in order that repeated opening or dilation has no additional effect. This can be a filtering property that we we associate with very best sieves or projection operators, and for this reason image morphology operations are often called morphological filters. For an additional introduction, go to the part on binary morphology. Grayscale morphology is a generalization of binary morphology to photographs with a couple of bit/pixel, outdoor branch trimmer with dilation and erosion being outlined as a max and min, respectively, of a set of pixels. Binary morphology occupies a central role in doc image evaluation, as a result of (particularly with multiscale extensions) it is able to extract both shape and texture. There are three basic items one should do to make an environment friendly and versatile rasterop operate. 1. Pack the image knowledge. The pixels should be bit-contiguous within phrases. For example, for binary photographs, which have 1 bit/pixel (1 bpp), 32 pixels are put in each 32-bit phrase. 2. Access the data by word. The word right this moment is often 32 bits. Using word access permits the maximum number of pixels to be affected by every machine operation.

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